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Scientists mark 60th anniversary of nuclear program
A museum to commemorate the "Two Bombs and One Satellite", referring to China's first atomic bomb, intercontinental ballistic missile and satellite, has been renovated and reopened to public on Oct 16, 2024. [Photo/CCTV News]
Scientists and their families gathered Wednesday at an old rocket research site in Beijing's Huairou district to commemorate the 60th anniversary of China's first atomic bomb test and reflect on the historic "Two Bombs and One Satellite" program.
The milestone marked China's rise as the fifth nation to possess nuclear weapons, following the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and France.
Hou Jianguo, president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said the development of the Two Bombs and One Satellite program — encompassing China's first atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and satellite — was a monumental effort that required national unity and resilience.
"The success was a great feat achieved through the concerted efforts of the entire country," Hou said. "Many outstanding scientists answered the call of the Communist Party and the State, working in remote, harsh conditions to forge the spirit of the program."
Hou Xun, a CAS academician and researcher at the Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics in Shaanxi province, recalled the early challenges workers faced in setting up the program.
The academician was involved in the development of Two Bombs and One Satellite program.
"We had almost no equipment when the institute was first established," he said. "In Xi'an, there was no gas, so we had to build our own combustible gas supply system from scratch."
The Yanqi Lake campus of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which houses China's first rocket research and testing base, has preserved key facilities related to the project. This year, the university renovated its memorial hall dedicated to the Two Bombs and One Satellite programs, displaying items such as China's first satellite and high-speed cameras.
Open to the public since 2015, the hall documents the stories of 17 key figures involved in the program and over 10,000 research and testing personnel. It has welcomed more than 430,000 visitors to date.
Recent additions to the exhibit include manuscripts, clothing worn during historic moments and models of crucial scientific instruments.
Pan Yiyao, a UCAS student and memorial hall guide, emphasized the importance of the legacy.
"The spirit of Two Bombs and One Satellite — love for the motherland, selfless dedication, self-reliance and daring exploration — continues to inspire us as we strive to build a world-class scientific and technological power in the new era," Pan said.
Source: China Daily
Editor: GAO Yuan
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Research News
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Suppressed Ion Migration in Tin Halide Perovskites for Stable X-Ray Detectors with Low Dark Current Drift
The detection of X-ray photons holds great significance for a wide range of applications, including medical radiography, intelligent security inspection, and environmental radiation monitoring. Halide perovskite X-ray detectors have attracted attention due to their large mobility-lifetime products, high sensitivity, and low detection limit. However, lead-based perovskites face toxicity issues, and significant internal ion migration leads to poor stability. Among lead-free perovskite materials, tin halide perovskites show great potential in radiation detection due to their high X-ray attenuation absorption coefficient, high charge carrier mobility, low exciton binding energy, and high ion migration activation energy. However, there is limited research on the radiation detection characteristics of tin halide perovskites.
Recently, the research group led by Professor MENG Xiangyue from the School of Optoelectronics at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, along with collaborators, selected an additive PAI to effectively improve the quality of tin-based perovskite films. This led to the development of FASnI3 perovskite films with low trap state density, enhanced crystallinity, and morphology, confirmed through in situ photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements. Due to their high polarity and efficient dielectric screening effect, FASnI3 films exhibit low exciton binding energy, high carrier mobility-life product, and high ion migration activation energy. The resulting FASnI3 perovskite X-ray detectors demonstrate high sensitivity and an ultra-low detection limit of 7.95 nGyairs-1. Compared to lead halide perovskite devices, FASnI3 perovskite X-ray detectors exhibit excellent device stability, with suppressed dark current drift. Moreover, high-contrast sensitive imaging was also achieved at an ultra-low dose rate of 70 nGyairs-1.
This work offers new ideas for exploring tin halide perovskites for high-sensitivity and high-stability X-ray detection. The achievement was recently published in Laser & Photonics Reviews, with Professor MENG Xiangyue as the corresponding author, doctoral candidate WANG Xu as the first author, and Dr. BIAN Yangshuang from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the co-first author.
Article information：
Suppressed Ion Migration in Tin Halide Perovskites for Stable X‐Ray Detectors with Low Dark Current Drift
WANG Xu, BIAN Yangshuang, WANG Hao, WANG Junfang, LIU Tianhua, XIAO Hongbin, GUO Yunlong, WEI Wenjuan, YANG Yang (Michael), MENG Xiangyue
Laser & Photonics Reviews
DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202401310
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